Detail View: C. Szwedzicki: The North American Indian Works: IROQUOIS 1776

Work Record ID: 
323
Reproduction Record ID: 
323
Work Class: 
depictions
Work Type: 
print
Title: 
North American Indian Costumes: (1564-1950)
Title Type: 
collective title
Title: 
IROQUOIS 1776
Title Type: 
constructed title
Measurements: 
11.25 x 4.50 in (28.58 x 11.43 cm) on sheet 17.55 x 12.50 in (44.58 x 31.75 cm)
Measurement Type: 
dimensions
Material: 
paper (fiber product)
Material Type: 
support
Inscription: 
Below Image Right: IROQUOIS 1776
Inscription: 
Above Image Right: PLATE 9
Creator: 
Howe, Oscar, 1915-1983
Creator Dates: 
1915-1983
Creator Nationality: 
Nakota (Yankton) // Apache (Inde)
Creator Name Variant: 
Trader Boy (Mazuha Hokshina)
Creator Type: 
personal name
Creator Role: 
illustrator
Date: 
1952
Repository: 
Art & Music Department, Public Library of Cincinnati & Hamilton County, Cincinnati, Ohio
Repository Type: 
current repository
ID Number: 
9
ID Number Type: 
plate number
ID Number: 
R391 ffJ17 Vol. 1
ID Number Type: 
call number
Style Period: 
Indian art--North America
Style Period: 
Iroquois
Culture: 
Native American
Culture: 
Nakota (Yankton)
Culture: 
Iroquois (Ongwanosionni)
Subject: 
Feathers
Subject: 
Leggings
Subject: 
Moccasins
Subject: 
Armbands
Subject: 
Beadwork
Subject: 
Necklaces
Subject: 
Cloaks
Subject: 
Shirts, Men's
Subject: 
Gorgets
Subject: 
Ostriches
Subject: 
Trade silver
Subject: 
Trade cloth
Subject: 
Cartier, Jacques, 1491-1557
Subject: 
Crown headdresses
Related Work: 
Jacobson, Oscar Brousse, 1882-1966. North American Indian Costumes: (1564-1950) / Illustrations by Oscar Howe. Nice (France): C. Szwedzicki, 1952.
Description: 
Excerpt from North American Indian Costumes, Vol. 1, p. 13: The Iroquois Confederation was originally composed of the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, Senecas, and, after 1722, the Tuscaroras; later still of the remnants of a dozen other tribes. Its purpose was to secure and maintain peace and welfare among these Indians whose cultures were similar. It was formed about 1570 as a result of wars with the Algonquins and Hurons. Jacques Cartier was probably the first man to encounter people of the Iroquois stock on the Gaspe Peninsula, in Canada, in 1534. The Iroquois of American history occupied all the St. Lawrence Valley, the Erie and Ontario Basin, New York State, except the lower Hudson Valley, Pennsylvania and the shores of Chesapeake Bay in Maryland. In the south, the Cherokees lived in eastern Tennessee and the mountainous parts of Virginia, Alabama, and the Carolinas. The people of the first "Five Nations" of the Confederation were the most advanced in political organization, statecraft, and military skill, of all Indians north of Mexico. Their chiefs or officers were as skilful diplomats as the French and English statesmen with whom they competed. In war, they were ferociously cruel to captives, and generally had a bad reputation among the colonists. As a people, however, they were kindly and affectionate, sympathetic to friends, helpful to kin in distress, kind to their women whose position was high in the tribe, and exceedingly fond of children. Their cruel wars were waged to protect their independence and institutions. The Iroquois were sedentary farmers, depending on the hunt only for a small part of their subsistence. The northern tribes were especially noted for their skill in building fortifications and houses. Their so-called castles were of solid log construction with platforms running around the top of the castle which served as an aid in defense. The Dutch supplied them with firearms, after which these nations extended their conquest to all the neighbouring tribes, until their dominion extended from Ottawa to Tennessee, and from Kennebec to Lake Michigan. The Iroquois were always firm allies of the English. At the outbreak of the American Revolution, the League of the Iroquois decided not to take part in the conflict, but to allow each nation or tribe to decide for itself its course of action. Most of them joined the English. After the conclusion of the war, the Mohawks and Cayugas were settled in Ontario, Canada, where they still live. All the Iroquois in the United States are on reservations in New York state, with the exception of the Oneidas who are in Wisconsin. Their population in 1689 was estimated at 13000, but in the next ten years they lost about half of their number. In 1930, the population of all the Iroquois in the United States was 7245. They are still increasing.
Description: 
Excerpt from North American Indian Costumes, Vol. 1, p. 13: The clothing worn by the Chief in Plate 9 shows evidence of contact with the Whites. Most of the eastern Indians abandoned skins for clothing acquired from the traders, from which they designed interesting garments that we now think of as "Indian", but that bear little resemblance to their original costume.
Description: 
Text references: North American Indian Costumes, Vol. 1, pp. 9, 13.
Reproduction Rights Statement: 
These images are for non-profit, educational use. For more information see Fair Use statement at https://digitalprojects.libraries.uc.edu/fairuse/.